SQL4-00-038100 - SQL Server must generate Trace or Audit records when successful accesses to designated objects occur - Event ID 42

Information

Without tracking all or selected types of access to all or selected objects (tables, views, procedures, functions, etc.), it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident, or identify those responsible for one.

Types of access include, but are not necessarily limited to:
SELECT
INSERT
UPDATE
DELETE
EXECUTE

Use of SQL Server Audit is recommended. All features of SQL Server Audit are available in the Enterprise and Developer editions of SQL Server 2014. It is not available at the database level in other editions. For this or legacy reasons, the instance may be using SQL Server Trace for auditing, which remains an acceptable solution for the time being. Note, however, that Microsoft intends to remove most aspects of Trace at some point after SQL Server 2016.

Trace does not offer tracking of SELECT operations, so where this is required it must be implemented at the application level.

Solution

Where SQL Server Trace is in use, implement tracking of SELECTs on designated tables at the application level, using the system stored procedure sp_trace_generateevent to write the tracking records to the Trace used for audit purposes.

Create triggers to raise a custom event on each table that requires tracking of Insert-Update-Delete operations. The examples provided in the supplemental file CustomTraceEvents.sql can serve as the basis for these.

Add a block of code to the supplemental file Trace.sql for each custom event class (integers in the range 82-91; the same event class may be used for all such triggers) used in these triggers.

Ensure that Trace.sql includes blocks of code for event classes 42, 43, and 162.

Execute Trace.sql.

If SQL Server Audit is in use, design and deploy an Audit that captures all auditable events and data items. The script provided in the supplemental file Audit.sql can be used as the basis for this. Supplement the standard audit data as necessary, using Extended Events and/or triggers.

Alternatively, to add the necessary data capture to an existing server audit specification, run the script:
USE [master];
GO
ALTER SERVER AUDIT SPECIFICATION <server_audit_specification_name> WITH (STATE = OFF);
GO
ALTER SERVER AUDIT SPECIFICATION <server_audit_specification_name> ADD (SCHEMA_OBJECT_ACCESS_GROUP);
GO
ALTER SERVER AUDIT SPECIFICATION <server_audit_specification_name> WITH (STATE = ON);
GO

Item Details

Audit Name: DISA STIG SQL Server 2014 Database Audit v1r7

Category: AUDIT AND ACCOUNTABILITY

Plugin: MS_SQLDB

Control ID: 285ac7c4de75cceb784a9121bfb949dcd57c3e8fbce04bf3e3fe171fa0d4b27a

Detections

Analytics

SQL4-00-038100 - SQL Server must generate Trace or Audit records when successful accesses to designated objects occur - Event ID 42

Information

Solution

See Also

Item Details