kernel/events/core.c in the Linux kernel before 3.19 mishandles counter grouping, which allows local users to gain privileges via a crafted application, related to the perf_pmu_register and perf_event_open functions.
https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/2017-05-01
https://github.com/torvalds/linux/commit/c3c87e770458aa004bd7ed3f29945ff436fd6511