In shadow before 4.5, the newusers tool could be made to manipulate internal data structures in ways unintended by the authors. Malformed input may lead to crashes (with a buffer overflow or other memory corruption) or other unspecified behaviors. This crosses a privilege boundary in, for example, certain web-hosting environments in which a Control Panel allows an unprivileged user account to create subaccounts.
https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201710-16
https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/03/msg00020.html
https://github.com/shadow-maint/shadow/commit/954e3d2e7113e9ac06632aee3c69b8d818cc8952
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/shadow/+bug/1266675