In Mercurial before 4.4.1, it is possible that a specially malformed repository can cause Git subrepositories to run arbitrary code in the form of a .git/hooks/post-update script checked into the repository. Typical use of Mercurial prevents construction of such repositories, but they can be created programmatically.
https://www.mercurial-scm.org/wiki/WhatsNew#Mercurial_4.4.1_.282017-11-07.29
https://www.mercurial-scm.org/pipermail/mercurial-devel/2017-November/107333.html
https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2020/07/msg00032.html
https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2018/07/msg00041.html
https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2018/07/msg00005.html
https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2017/12/msg00027.html
https://confluence.atlassian.com/sourcetreekb/sourcetree-security-advisory-2018-01-24-942834324.html