The perf_cpu_time_max_percent_handler function in kernel/events/core.c in the Linux kernel before 4.11 allows local users to cause a denial of service (integer overflow) or possibly have unspecified other impact via a large value, as demonstrated by an incorrect sample-rate calculation.
https://usn.ubuntu.com/3754-1/
https://usn.ubuntu.com/3696-2/
https://usn.ubuntu.com/3696-1/
https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2018/07/msg00020.html
https://github.com/torvalds/linux/commit/1572e45a924f254d9570093abde46430c3172e3d