An issue was discovered in the OpenSSL library in Ruby before 2.3.8, 2.4.x before 2.4.5, 2.5.x before 2.5.2, and 2.6.x before 2.6.0-preview3. When two OpenSSL::X509::Name objects are compared using ==, depending on the ordering, non-equal objects may return true. When the first argument is one character longer than the second, or the second argument contains a character that is one less than a character in the same position of the first argument, the result of == will be true. This could be leveraged to create an illegitimate certificate that may be accepted as legitimate and then used in signing or encryption operations.
https://www.ruby-lang.org/en/news/2018/11/06/ruby-2-6-0-preview3-released/
https://www.ruby-lang.org/en/news/2018/10/17/ruby-2-5-2-released/
https://www.ruby-lang.org/en/news/2018/10/17/ruby-2-4-5-released/
https://www.ruby-lang.org/en/news/2018/10/17/ruby-2-3-8-released/
https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujan2020.html
https://www.debian.org/security/2018/dsa-4332
https://usn.ubuntu.com/3808-1/
https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20190221-0002/
https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2018/10/msg00020.html
https://hackerone.com/reports/387250
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:2565
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:1948
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2018:3738
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2018:3731
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2018:3730
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2018:3729
http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1042105
http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-07/msg00036.html