An issue was discovered in the base64d function in the SMTP listener in Exim before 4.90.1. By sending a handcrafted message, a buffer overflow may happen. This can be used to execute code remotely.
Published: 2018-03-07
On February 10, the Unix-based email server Exim released an update to address a heap buffer overflow vulnerability that can be used by an unauthenticated attacker to remotely execute arbitrary code. The flaw, assigned CVE-2018-6789, is noted to exist in all versions of Exim, prior to their latest release, 4.90.1, which means the attack surface potential is very wide.
https://www.tenable.com/blog/how-covid-19-response-is-expanding-the-cyberattack-surface
https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/45671/
https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/44571/
https://www.debian.org/security/2018/dsa-4110
https://usn.ubuntu.com/3565-1/
https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2018/02/msg00009.html
https://git.exim.org/exim.git/commit/cf3cd306062a08969c41a1cdd32c6855f1abecf1
https://exim.org/static/doc/security/CVE-2018-6789.txt
https://devco.re/blog/2018/03/06/exim-off-by-one-RCE-exploiting-CVE-2018-6789-en/
http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1040461
http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/103049
http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2018/02/07/2
http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/162959/Exim-base64d-Buffer-Overflow.html