A flaw was found in Mercurial before 4.9. It was possible to use symlinks and subrepositories to defeat Mercurial's path-checking logic and write files outside a repository.
https://www.mercurial-scm.org/wiki/WhatsNew#Mercurial_4.9_.282019-02-01.29
https://usn.ubuntu.com/4086-1/
https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2020/07/msg00032.html
https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2019/04/msg00024.html