The Kamailio SIP before 5.5.0 server mishandles INVITE requests with duplicated fields and overlength tag, leading to a buffer overflow that crashes the server or possibly have unspecified other impact.
https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2023/05/msg00030.html
https://github.com/kamailio/kamailio/issues/2503
https://github.com/kamailio/kamailio/commit/ada3701d22b1fd579f06b4f54fa695fa988e685f