Exim 4 before 4.94.2 has Improper Neutralization of Line Delimiters. An authenticated remote SMTP client can insert newline characters into a spool file (which indirectly leads to remote code execution as root) via AUTH= in a MAIL FROM command.
https://www.tenable.com/cyber-exposure/2021-threat-landscape-retrospective
https://www.exim.org/static/doc/security/CVE-2020-qualys/CVE-2020-28021-MAUTH.txt