In the Jakarta Expression Language implementation 3.0.3 and earlier, a bug in the ELParserTokenManager enables invalid EL expressions to be evaluated as if they were valid.
https://www.tenable.com/blog/oracle-april-2022-critical-patch-update-addresses-221-cves
https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuapr2022.html
https://securitylab.github.com/advisories/GHSL-2020-021-jakarta-el/