The Arm Mali GPU kernel driver allows privilege escalation or information disclosure because GPU memory operations are mishandled, leading to a use-after-free. This affects Bifrost r0p0 through r28p0 before r29p0, Valhall r19p0 through r28p0 before r29p0, and Midgard r4p0 through r30p0.
https://www.tenable.com/cyber-exposure/2021-threat-landscape-retrospective
https://github.com/lntrx/CVE-2021-28663
https://developer.arm.com/support/arm-security-updates/mali-gpu-kernel-driver