Kramdown before 2.3.1 does not restrict Rouge formatters to the Rouge::Formatters namespace, and thus arbitrary classes can be instantiated.
https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-4890
https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/commit/179329b5c3c118924fb242dc449d06b4ed6ccb66
https://github.com/gettalong/kramdown/pull/708
https://github.com/gettalong/kramdown/compare/REL_2_3_0...REL_2_3_1