Moby is an open-source project created by Docker to enable and accelerate software containerization. A bug was found in Moby (Docker Engine) prior to version 20.10.14 where containers were incorrectly started with non-empty inheritable Linux process capabilities, creating an atypical Linux environment and enabling programs with inheritable file capabilities to elevate those capabilities to the permitted set during `execve(2)`. Normally, when executable programs have specified permitted file capabilities, otherwise unprivileged users and processes can execute those programs and gain the specified file capabilities up to the bounding set. Due to this bug, containers which included executable programs with inheritable file capabilities allowed otherwise unprivileged users and processes to additionally gain these inheritable file capabilities up to the container's bounding set. Containers which use Linux users and groups to perform privilege separation inside the container are most directly impacted. This bug did not affect the container security sandbox as the inheritable set never contained more capabilities than were included in the container's bounding set. This bug has been fixed in Moby (Docker Engine) 20.10.14. Running containers should be stopped, deleted, and recreated for the inheritable capabilities to be reset. This fix changes Moby (Docker Engine) behavior such that containers are started with a more typical Linux environment. As a workaround, the entry point of a container can be modified to use a utility like `capsh(1)` to drop inheritable capabilities prior to the primary process starting.

An update of the runc package has been released.

The remote host is affected by the vulnerability described in GLSA-202401-31 (containerd: Multiple Vulnerabilities)

  - containerd is a container runtime. A bug was found in containerd versions prior to 1.4.8 and 1.5.4 where     pulling and extracting a specially-crafted container image can result in Unix file permission changes for     existing files in the host's filesystem. Changes to file permissions can deny access to the expected owner     of the file, widen access to others, or set extended bits like setuid, setgid, and sticky. This bug does     not directly allow files to be read, modified, or executed without an additional cooperating process. This     bug has been fixed in containerd 1.5.4 and 1.4.8. As a workaround, ensure that users only pull images from     trusted sources. Linux security modules (LSMs) like SELinux and AppArmor can limit the files potentially     affected by this bug through policies and profiles that prevent containerd from interacting with specific     files. (CVE-2021-32760)

  - containerd is an open source container runtime with an emphasis on simplicity, robustness and portability.
    A bug was found in containerd where container root directories and some plugins had insufficiently     restricted permissions, allowing otherwise unprivileged Linux users to traverse directory contents and     execute programs. When containers included executable programs with extended permission bits (such as     setuid), unprivileged Linux users could discover and execute those programs. When the UID of an     unprivileged Linux user on the host collided with the file owner or group inside a container, the     unprivileged Linux user on the host could discover, read, and modify those files. This vulnerability has     been fixed in containerd 1.4.11 and containerd 1.5.7. Users should update to these version when they are     released and may restart containers or update directory permissions to mitigate the vulnerability. Users     unable to update should limit access to the host to trusted users. Update directory permission on     container bundles directories. (CVE-2021-41103)

  - containerd is an open source container runtime. A bug was found in containerd's CRI implementation where a     user can exhaust memory on the host. In the CRI stream server, a goroutine is launched to handle terminal     resize events if a TTY is requested. If the user's process fails to launch due to, for example, a faulty     command, the goroutine will be stuck waiting to send without a receiver, resulting in a memory leak.
    Kubernetes and crictl can both be configured to use containerd's CRI implementation and the stream server     is used for handling container IO. This bug has been fixed in containerd 1.6.12 and 1.5.16. Users should     update to these versions to resolve the issue. Users unable to upgrade should ensure that only trusted     images and commands are used and that only trusted users have permissions to execute commands in running     containers. (CVE-2022-23471)

  - containerd is a container runtime available as a daemon for Linux and Windows. A bug was found in     containerd prior to versions 1.6.1, 1.5.10, and 1.14.12 where containers launched through containerd's CRI     implementation on Linux with a specially-crafted image configuration could gain access to read-only copies     of arbitrary files and directories on the host. This may bypass any policy-based enforcement on container     setup (including a Kubernetes Pod Security Policy) and expose potentially sensitive information.
    Kubernetes and crictl can both be configured to use containerd's CRI implementation. This bug has been     fixed in containerd 1.6.1, 1.5.10, and 1.4.12. Users should update to these versions to resolve the issue.
    (CVE-2022-23648)

  - Moby is an open-source project created by Docker to enable and accelerate software containerization. A bug     was found in Moby (Docker Engine) prior to version 20.10.14 where containers were incorrectly started with     non-empty inheritable Linux process capabilities, creating an atypical Linux environment and enabling     programs with inheritable file capabilities to elevate those capabilities to the permitted set during     `execve(2)`. Normally, when executable programs have specified permitted file capabilities, otherwise     unprivileged users and processes can execute those programs and gain the specified file capabilities up to     the bounding set. Due to this bug, containers which included executable programs with inheritable file     capabilities allowed otherwise unprivileged users and processes to additionally gain these inheritable     file capabilities up to the container's bounding set. Containers which use Linux users and groups to     perform privilege separation inside the container are most directly impacted. This bug did not affect the     container security sandbox as the inheritable set never contained more capabilities than were included in     the container's bounding set. This bug has been fixed in Moby (Docker Engine) 20.10.14. Running containers     should be stopped, deleted, and recreated for the inheritable capabilities to be reset. This fix changes     Moby (Docker Engine) behavior such that containers are started with a more typical Linux environment. As a     workaround, the entry point of a container can be modified to use a utility like `capsh(1)` to drop     inheritable capabilities prior to the primary process starting. (CVE-2022-24769)

  - containerd is an open source container runtime. A bug was found in the containerd's CRI implementation     where programs inside a container can cause the containerd daemon to consume memory without bound during     invocation of the `ExecSync` API. This can cause containerd to consume all available memory on the     computer, denying service to other legitimate workloads. Kubernetes and crictl can both be configured to     use containerd's CRI implementation; `ExecSync` may be used when running probes or when executing     processes via an exec facility. This bug has been fixed in containerd 1.6.6 and 1.5.13. Users should     update to these versions to resolve the issue. Users unable to upgrade should ensure that only trusted     images and commands are used. (CVE-2022-31030)

Note that Nessus has not tested for these issues but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version number.

The version of containerd installed on the remote host is prior to 1.4.13-2. It is, therefore, affected by a vulnerability as referenced in the ALAS2ECS-2023-023 advisory.

  - Moby is an open-source project created by Docker to enable and accelerate software containerization. A bug     was found in Moby (Docker Engine) prior to version 20.10.14 where containers were incorrectly started with     non-empty inheritable Linux process capabilities, creating an atypical Linux environment and enabling     programs with inheritable file capabilities to elevate those capabilities to the permitted set during     `execve(2)`. Normally, when executable programs have specified permitted file capabilities, otherwise     unprivileged users and processes can execute those programs and gain the specified file capabilities up to     the bounding set. Due to this bug, containers which included executable programs with inheritable file     capabilities allowed otherwise unprivileged users and processes to additionally gain these inheritable     file capabilities up to the container's bounding set. Containers which use Linux users and groups to     perform privilege separation inside the container are most directly impacted. This bug did not affect the     container security sandbox as the inheritable set never contained more capabilities than were included in     the container's bounding set. This bug has been fixed in Moby (Docker Engine) 20.10.14. Running containers     should be stopped, deleted, and recreated for the inheritable capabilities to be reset. This fix changes     Moby (Docker Engine) behavior such that containers are started with a more typical Linux environment. As a     workaround, the entry point of a container can be modified to use a utility like `capsh(1)` to drop     inheritable capabilities prior to the primary process starting. (CVE-2022-24769)

Note that Nessus has not tested for this issue but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version number.

The version of containerd installed on the remote host is prior to 1.4.13-3. The version of docker installed on the remote host is prior to 20.10.13-2. The version of ecs-init installed on the remote host is prior to 1.61.1-1. The version of runc installed on the remote host is prior to 1.0.3-3. It is, therefore, affected by a vulnerability as referenced in the ALAS2ECS-2022-001 advisory.

  - containerd is a container runtime available as a daemon for Linux and Windows. A bug was found in     containerd prior to versions 1.6.1, 1.5.10, and 1.14.12 where containers launched through containerd's CRI     implementation on Linux with a specially-crafted image configuration could gain access to read-only copies     of arbitrary files and directories on the host. This may bypass any policy-based enforcement on container     setup (including a Kubernetes Pod Security Policy) and expose potentially sensitive information.
    Kubernetes and crictl can both be configured to use containerd's CRI implementation. This bug has been     fixed in containerd 1.6.1, 1.5.10, and 1.4.12. Users should update to these versions to resolve the issue.
    (CVE-2022-23648)

Note that Nessus has not tested for this issue but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version number.

The version of moby-runc installed on the remote CBL Mariner 2.0 host is prior to tested version. It is, therefore, affected by a vulnerability as referenced in the CVE-2022-24769 advisory.

  - Moby is an open-source project created by Docker to enable and accelerate software containerization. A bug     was found in Moby (Docker Engine) prior to version 20.10.14 where containers were incorrectly started with     non-empty inheritable Linux process capabilities, creating an atypical Linux environment and enabling     programs with inheritable file capabilities to elevate those capabilities to the permitted set during     `execve(2)`. Normally, when executable programs have specified permitted file capabilities, otherwise     unprivileged users and processes can execute those programs and gain the specified file capabilities up to     the bounding set. Due to this bug, containers which included executable programs with inheritable file     capabilities allowed otherwise unprivileged users and processes to additionally gain these inheritable     file capabilities up to the container's bounding set. Containers which use Linux users and groups to     perform privilege separation inside the container are most directly impacted. This bug did not affect the     container security sandbox as the inheritable set never contained more capabilities than were included in     the container's bounding set. This bug has been fixed in Moby (Docker Engine) 20.10.14. Running containers     should be stopped, deleted, and recreated for the inheritable capabilities to be reset. This fix changes     Moby (Docker Engine) behavior such that containers are started with a more typical Linux environment. As a     workaround, the entry point of a container can be modified to use a utility like `capsh(1)` to drop     inheritable capabilities prior to the primary process starting. (CVE-2022-24769)

Note that Nessus has not tested for this issue but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version number.

It is, therefore, affected by multiple vulnerabilities as referenced in the ALAS2023-2023-079 advisory.

  - containerd is a container runtime available as a daemon for Linux and Windows. A bug was found in     containerd prior to versions 1.6.1, 1.5.10, and 1.14.12 where containers launched through containerd's CRI     implementation on Linux with a specially-crafted image configuration could gain access to read-only copies     of arbitrary files and directories on the host. This may bypass any policy-based enforcement on container     setup (including a Kubernetes Pod Security Policy) and expose potentially sensitive information.
    Kubernetes and crictl can both be configured to use containerd's CRI implementation. This bug has been     fixed in containerd 1.6.1, 1.5.10, and 1.4.12. Users should update to these versions to resolve the issue.
    (CVE-2022-23648)

  - Moby is an open-source project created by Docker to enable and accelerate software containerization. A bug     was found in Moby (Docker Engine) prior to version 20.10.14 where containers were incorrectly started with     non-empty inheritable Linux process capabilities, creating an atypical Linux environment and enabling     programs with inheritable file capabilities to elevate those capabilities to the permitted set during     `execve(2)`. Normally, when executable programs have specified permitted file capabilities, otherwise     unprivileged users and processes can execute those programs and gain the specified file capabilities up to     the bounding set. Due to this bug, containers which included executable programs with inheritable file     capabilities allowed otherwise unprivileged users and processes to additionally gain these inheritable     file capabilities up to the container's bounding set. Containers which use Linux users and groups to     perform privilege separation inside the container are most directly impacted. This bug did not affect the     container security sandbox as the inheritable set never contained more capabilities than were included in     the container's bounding set. This bug has been fixed in Moby (Docker Engine) 20.10.14. Running containers     should be stopped, deleted, and recreated for the inheritable capabilities to be reset. This fix changes     Moby (Docker Engine) behavior such that containers are started with a more typical Linux environment. As a     workaround, the entry point of a container can be modified to use a utility like `capsh(1)` to drop     inheritable capabilities prior to the primary process starting. (CVE-2022-24769)

  - containerd is an open source container runtime. A bug was found in the containerd's CRI implementation     where programs inside a container can cause the containerd daemon to consume memory without bound during     invocation of the `ExecSync` API. This can cause containerd to consume all available memory on the     computer, denying service to other legitimate workloads. Kubernetes and crictl can both be configured to     use containerd's CRI implementation; `ExecSync` may be used when running probes or when executing     processes via an exec facility. This bug has been fixed in containerd 1.6.6 and 1.5.13. Users should     update to these versions to resolve the issue. Users unable to upgrade should ensure that only trusted     images and commands are used. (CVE-2022-31030)

  - Moby is an open-source project created by Docker to enable software containerization. A bug was found in     Moby (Docker Engine) where supplementary groups are not set up properly. If an attacker has direct access     to a container and manipulates their supplementary group access, they may be able to use supplementary     group access to bypass primary group restrictions in some cases, potentially gaining access to sensitive     information or gaining the ability to execute code in that container. This bug is fixed in Moby (Docker     Engine) 20.10.18. Running containers should be stopped and restarted for the permissions to be fixed. For     users unable to upgrade, this problem can be worked around by not using the `USER $USERNAME` Dockerfile     instruction. Instead by calling `ENTRYPOINT [su, -, user]` the supplementary groups will be set up     properly. (CVE-2022-36109)

Note that Nessus has not tested for these issues but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version number.

It is, therefore, affected by multiple vulnerabilities as referenced in the ALAS2022-2022-210 advisory.

  - containerd is a container runtime available as a daemon for Linux and Windows. A bug was found in     containerd prior to versions 1.6.1, 1.5.10, and 1.14.12 where containers launched through containerd's CRI     implementation on Linux with a specially-crafted image configuration could gain access to read-only copies     of arbitrary files and directories on the host. This may bypass any policy-based enforcement on container     setup (including a Kubernetes Pod Security Policy) and expose potentially sensitive information.
    Kubernetes and crictl can both be configured to use containerd's CRI implementation. This bug has been     fixed in containerd 1.6.1, 1.5.10, and 1.4.12. Users should update to these versions to resolve the issue.
    (CVE-2022-23648)

  - Moby is an open-source project created by Docker to enable and accelerate software containerization. A bug     was found in Moby (Docker Engine) prior to version 20.10.14 where containers were incorrectly started with     non-empty inheritable Linux process capabilities, creating an atypical Linux environment and enabling     programs with inheritable file capabilities to elevate those capabilities to the permitted set during     `execve(2)`. Normally, when executable programs have specified permitted file capabilities, otherwise     unprivileged users and processes can execute those programs and gain the specified file capabilities up to     the bounding set. Due to this bug, containers which included executable programs with inheritable file     capabilities allowed otherwise unprivileged users and processes to additionally gain these inheritable     file capabilities up to the container's bounding set. Containers which use Linux users and groups to     perform privilege separation inside the container are most directly impacted. This bug did not affect the     container security sandbox as the inheritable set never contained more capabilities than were included in     the container's bounding set. This bug has been fixed in Moby (Docker Engine) 20.10.14. Running containers     should be stopped, deleted, and recreated for the inheritable capabilities to be reset. This fix changes     Moby (Docker Engine) behavior such that containers are started with a more typical Linux environment. As a     workaround, the entry point of a container can be modified to use a utility like `capsh(1)` to drop     inheritable capabilities prior to the primary process starting. (CVE-2022-24769)

  - containerd is an open source container runtime. A bug was found in the containerd's CRI implementation     where programs inside a container can cause the containerd daemon to consume memory without bound during     invocation of the `ExecSync` API. This can cause containerd to consume all available memory on the     computer, denying service to other legitimate workloads. Kubernetes and crictl can both be configured to     use containerd's CRI implementation; `ExecSync` may be used when running probes or when executing     processes via an exec facility. This bug has been fixed in containerd 1.6.6 and 1.5.13. Users should     update to these versions to resolve the issue. Users unable to upgrade should ensure that only trusted     images and commands are used. (CVE-2022-31030)

  - Moby is an open-source project created by Docker to enable software containerization. A bug was found in     Moby (Docker Engine) where supplementary groups are not set up properly. If an attacker has direct access     to a container and manipulates their supplementary group access, they may be able to use supplementary     group access to bypass primary group restrictions in some cases, potentially gaining access to sensitive     information or gaining the ability to execute code in that container. This bug is fixed in Moby (Docker     Engine) 20.10.18. Running containers should be stopped and restarted for the permissions to be fixed. For     users unable to upgrade, this problem can be worked around by not using the `USER $USERNAME` Dockerfile     instruction. Instead by calling `ENTRYPOINT [su, -, user]` the supplementary groups will be set up     properly. (CVE-2022-36109)

Note that Nessus has not tested for these issues but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version number.

The remote Ubuntu 18.04 LTS / 20.04 LTS / 22.04 LTS host has packages installed that are affected by multiple vulnerabilities as referenced in the USN-5776-1 advisory.

    It was discovered that containerd incorrectly handled memory when receiving certain faulty Exec or     ExecSync commands. A remote attacker could possibly use this issue to cause a denial of service or crash     containerd. (CVE-2022-23471, CVE-2022-31030)

    It was discovered that containerd incorrectly set up inheritable file capabilities. An attacker could     possibly use this issue to escalate

    privileges inside a container. This issue only affected Ubuntu 18.04 LTS, Ubuntu 20.04 LTS and Ubuntu     22.04 LTS. (CVE-2022-24769)

    It was discovered that containerd incorrectly handled access to encrypted container images when using     imgcrypt library. A remote attacker could possibly use this issue to access encrypted images from other     users.

    This issue only affected Ubuntu 18.04 LTS, Ubuntu 20.04 LTS and Ubuntu 22.04 LTS. (CVE-2022-24778)

Tenable has extracted the preceding description block directly from the Ubuntu security advisory.

Note that Nessus has not tested for these issues but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version number.

The version of docker installed on the remote host is prior to 20.10.17-1. It is, therefore, affected by a vulnerability as referenced in the ALAS2022-2022-237 advisory.

  - Moby is an open-source project created by Docker to enable and accelerate software containerization. A bug     was found in Moby (Docker Engine) prior to version 20.10.14 where containers were incorrectly started with     non-empty inheritable Linux process capabilities, creating an atypical Linux environment and enabling     programs with inheritable file capabilities to elevate those capabilities to the permitted set during     `execve(2)`. Normally, when executable programs have specified permitted file capabilities, otherwise     unprivileged users and processes can execute those programs and gain the specified file capabilities up to     the bounding set. Due to this bug, containers which included executable programs with inheritable file     capabilities allowed otherwise unprivileged users and processes to additionally gain these inheritable     file capabilities up to the container's bounding set. Containers which use Linux users and groups to     perform privilege separation inside the container are most directly impacted. This bug did not affect the     container security sandbox as the inheritable set never contained more capabilities than were included in     the container's bounding set. This bug has been fixed in Moby (Docker Engine) 20.10.14. Running containers     should be stopped, deleted, and recreated for the inheritable capabilities to be reset. This fix changes     Moby (Docker Engine) behavior such that containers are started with a more typical Linux environment. As a     workaround, the entry point of a container can be modified to use a utility like `capsh(1)` to drop     inheritable capabilities prior to the primary process starting. (CVE-2022-24769)

Note that Nessus has not tested for this issue but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version number.

It is, therefore, affected by a vulnerability as referenced in the ALAS2022-2022-054 advisory.

  - Moby is an open-source project created by Docker to enable and accelerate software containerization. A bug     was found in Moby (Docker Engine) prior to version 20.10.14 where containers were incorrectly started with     non-empty inheritable Linux process capabilities, creating an atypical Linux environment and enabling     programs with inheritable file capabilities to elevate those capabilities to the permitted set during     `execve(2)`. Normally, when executable programs have specified permitted file capabilities, otherwise     unprivileged users and processes can execute those programs and gain the specified file capabilities up to     the bounding set. Due to this bug, containers which included executable programs with inheritable file     capabilities allowed otherwise unprivileged users and processes to additionally gain these inheritable     file capabilities up to the container's bounding set. Containers which use Linux users and groups to     perform privilege separation inside the container are most directly impacted. This bug did not affect the     container security sandbox as the inheritable set never contained more capabilities than were included in     the container's bounding set. This bug has been fixed in Moby (Docker Engine) 20.10.14. Running containers     should be stopped, deleted, and recreated for the inheritable capabilities to be reset. This fix changes     Moby (Docker Engine) behavior such that containers are started with a more typical Linux environment. As a     workaround, the entry point of a container can be modified to use a utility like `capsh(1)` to drop     inheritable capabilities prior to the primary process starting. (CVE-2022-24769)

Note that Nessus has not tested for this issue but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version number.

According to the versions of the docker-engine package installed, the EulerOS installation on the remote host is affected by the following vulnerabilities :

  - Moby is an open-source project created by Docker to enable and accelerate software containerization. A bug     was found in Moby (Docker Engine) prior to version 20.10.14 where containers were incorrectly started with     non-empty inheritable Linux process capabilities, creating an atypical Linux environment and enabling     programs with inheritable file capabilities to elevate those capabilities to the permitted set during     `execve(2)`. Normally, when executable programs have specified permitted file capabilities, otherwise     unprivileged users and processes can execute those programs and gain the specified file capabilities up to     the bounding set. Due to this bug, containers which included executable programs with inheritable file     capabilities allowed otherwise unprivileged users and processes to additionally gain these inheritable     file capabilities up to the container's bounding set. Containers which use Linux users and groups to     perform privilege separation inside the container are most directly impacted. This bug did not affect the     container security sandbox as the inheritable set never contained more capabilities than were included in     the container's bounding set. This bug has been fixed in Moby (Docker Engine) 20.10.14. Running containers     should be stopped, deleted, and recreated for the inheritable capabilities to be reset. This fix changes     Moby (Docker Engine) behavior such that containers are started with a more typical Linux environment. As a     workaround, the entry point of a container can be modified to use a utility like `capsh(1)` to drop     inheritable capabilities prior to the primary process starting. (CVE-2022-24769)

Note that Tenable Network Security has extracted the preceding description block directly from the EulerOS security advisory. Tenable has attempted to automatically clean and format it as much as possible without introducing additional issues.

According to the versions of the docker-engine packages installed, the EulerOS installation on the remote host is affected by the following vulnerabilities :

  - In containerd (an industry-standard container runtime) before version 1.2.14 there is a credential leaking     vulnerability. If a container image manifest in the OCI Image format or Docker Image V2 Schema 2 format     includes a URL for the location of a specific image layer (otherwise known as a foreign layer), the     default containerd resolver will follow that URL to attempt to download it. In v1.2.x but not 1.3.0 or     later, the default containerd resolver will provide its authentication credentials if the server where the     URL is located presents an HTTP 401 status code along with registry-specific HTTP headers. If an attacker     publishes a public image with a manifest that directs one of the layers to be fetched from a web server     they control and they trick a user or system into pulling the image, they can obtain the credentials used     for pulling that image. In some cases, this may be the user's username and password for the registry. In     other cases, this may be the credentials attached to the cloud virtual instance which can grant access to     other cloud resources in the account. The default containerd resolver is used by the cri-containerd plugin     (which can be used by Kubernetes), the ctr development tool, and other client programs that have     explicitly linked against it. This vulnerability has been fixed in containerd 1.2.14. containerd 1.3 and     later are not affected. If you are using containerd 1.3 or later, you are not affected. If you are using     cri-containerd in the 1.2 series or prior, you should ensure you only pull images from trusted sources.
    Other container runtimes built on top of containerd but not using the default resolver (such as Docker)     are not affected. (CVE-2020-15157)

  - containerd is a container runtime. A bug was found in containerd versions prior to 1.4.8 and 1.5.4 where     pulling and extracting a specially-crafted container image can result in Unix file permission changes for     existing files in the host's filesystem. Changes to file permissions can deny access to the expected owner     of the file, widen access to others, or set extended bits like setuid, setgid, and sticky. This bug does     not directly allow files to be read, modified, or executed without an additional cooperating process. This     bug has been fixed in containerd 1.5.4 and 1.4.8. As a workaround, ensure that users only pull images from     trusted sources. Linux security modules (LSMs) like SELinux and AppArmor can limit the files potentially     affected by this bug through policies and profiles that prevent containerd from interacting with specific     files. (CVE-2021-32760)

  - containerd is an open source container runtime with an emphasis on simplicity, robustness and portability.
    A bug was found in containerd where container root directories and some plugins had insufficiently     restricted permissions, allowing otherwise unprivileged Linux users to traverse directory contents and     execute programs. When containers included executable programs with extended permission bits (such as     setuid), unprivileged Linux users could discover and execute those programs. When the UID of an     unprivileged Linux user on the host collided with the file owner or group inside a container, the     unprivileged Linux user on the host could discover, read, and modify those files. This vulnerability has     been fixed in containerd 1.4.11 and containerd 1.5.7. Users should update to these version when they are     released and may restart containers or update directory permissions to mitigate the vulnerability. Users     unable to update should limit access to the host to trusted users. Update directory permission on     container bundles directories. (CVE-2021-41103)

  - Moby is an open-source project created by Docker to enable and accelerate software containerization. A bug     was found in Moby (Docker Engine) prior to version 20.10.14 where containers were incorrectly started with     non-empty inheritable Linux process capabilities, creating an atypical Linux environment and enabling     programs with inheritable file capabilities to elevate those capabilities to the permitted set during     `execve(2)`. Normally, when executable programs have specified permitted file capabilities, otherwise     unprivileged users and processes can execute those programs and gain the specified file capabilities up to     the bounding set. Due to this bug, containers which included executable programs with inheritable file     capabilities allowed otherwise unprivileged users and processes to additionally gain these inheritable     file capabilities up to the container's bounding set. Containers which use Linux users and groups to     perform privilege separation inside the container are most directly impacted. This bug did not affect the     container security sandbox as the inheritable set never contained more capabilities than were included in     the container's bounding set. This bug has been fixed in Moby (Docker Engine) 20.10.14. Running containers     should be stopped, deleted, and recreated for the inheritable capabilities to be reset. This fix changes     Moby (Docker Engine) behavior such that containers are started with a more typical Linux environment. As a     workaround, the entry point of a container can be modified to use a utility like `capsh(1)` to drop     inheritable capabilities prior to the primary process starting. (CVE-2022-24769)

Note that Tenable Network Security has extracted the preceding description block directly from the EulerOS security advisory. Tenable has attempted to automatically clean and format it as much as possible without introducing additional issues.

According to the versions of the docker-engine packages installed, the EulerOS installation on the remote host is affected by the following vulnerabilities :

  - In containerd (an industry-standard container runtime) before version 1.2.14 there is a credential leaking     vulnerability. If a container image manifest in the OCI Image format or Docker Image V2 Schema 2 format     includes a URL for the location of a specific image layer (otherwise known as a foreign layer), the     default containerd resolver will follow that URL to attempt to download it. In v1.2.x but not 1.3.0 or     later, the default containerd resolver will provide its authentication credentials if the server where the     URL is located presents an HTTP 401 status code along with registry-specific HTTP headers. If an attacker     publishes a public image with a manifest that directs one of the layers to be fetched from a web server     they control and they trick a user or system into pulling the image, they can obtain the credentials used     for pulling that image. In some cases, this may be the user's username and password for the registry. In     other cases, this may be the credentials attached to the cloud virtual instance which can grant access to     other cloud resources in the account. The default containerd resolver is used by the cri-containerd plugin     (which can be used by Kubernetes), the ctr development tool, and other client programs that have     explicitly linked against it. This vulnerability has been fixed in containerd 1.2.14. containerd 1.3 and     later are not affected. If you are using containerd 1.3 or later, you are not affected. If you are using     cri-containerd in the 1.2 series or prior, you should ensure you only pull images from trusted sources.
    Other container runtimes built on top of containerd but not using the default resolver (such as Docker)     are not affected. (CVE-2020-15157)

  - containerd is an industry-standard container runtime and is available as a daemon for Linux and Windows.
    In containerd before versions 1.3.9 and 1.4.3, the containerd-shim API is improperly exposed to host     network containers. Access controls for the shim's API socket verified that the connecting process had an     effective UID of 0, but did not otherwise restrict access to the abstract Unix domain socket. This would     allow malicious containers running in the same network namespace as the shim, with an effective UID of 0     but otherwise reduced privileges, to cause new processes to be run with elevated privileges. This     vulnerability has been fixed in containerd 1.3.9 and 1.4.3. Users should update to these versions as soon     as they are released. It should be noted that containers started with an old version of containerd-shim     should be stopped and restarted, as running containers will continue to be vulnerable even after an     upgrade. If you are not providing the ability for untrusted users to start containers in the same network     namespace as the shim (typically the 'host' network namespace, for example with docker run --net=host or     hostNetwork: true in a Kubernetes pod) and run with an effective UID of 0, you are not vulnerable to this     issue. If you are running containers with a vulnerable configuration, you can deny access to all abstract     sockets with AppArmor by adding a line similar to deny unix addr=@**, to your policy. It is best practice     to run containers with a reduced set of privileges, with a non-zero UID, and with isolated namespaces. The     containerd maintainers strongly advise against sharing namespaces with the host. Reducing the set of     isolation mechanisms used for a container necessarily increases that container's privilege, regardless of     what container runtime is used for running that container. (CVE-2020-15257)

  - containerd is a container runtime. A bug was found in containerd versions prior to 1.4.8 and 1.5.4 where     pulling and extracting a specially-crafted container image can result in Unix file permission changes for     existing files in the host's filesystem. Changes to file permissions can deny access to the expected owner     of the file, widen access to others, or set extended bits like setuid, setgid, and sticky. This bug does     not directly allow files to be read, modified, or executed without an additional cooperating process. This     bug has been fixed in containerd 1.5.4 and 1.4.8. As a workaround, ensure that users only pull images from     trusted sources. Linux security modules (LSMs) like SELinux and AppArmor can limit the files potentially     affected by this bug through policies and profiles that prevent containerd from interacting with specific     files. (CVE-2021-32760)

  - containerd is an open source container runtime with an emphasis on simplicity, robustness and portability.
    A bug was found in containerd where container root directories and some plugins had insufficiently     restricted permissions, allowing otherwise unprivileged Linux users to traverse directory contents and     execute programs. When containers included executable programs with extended permission bits (such as     setuid), unprivileged Linux users could discover and execute those programs. When the UID of an     unprivileged Linux user on the host collided with the file owner or group inside a container, the     unprivileged Linux user on the host could discover, read, and modify those files. This vulnerability has     been fixed in containerd 1.4.11 and containerd 1.5.7. Users should update to these version when they are     released and may restart containers or update directory permissions to mitigate the vulnerability. Users     unable to update should limit access to the host to trusted users. Update directory permission on     container bundles directories. (CVE-2021-41103)

  - Moby is an open-source project created by Docker to enable and accelerate software containerization. A bug     was found in Moby (Docker Engine) prior to version 20.10.14 where containers were incorrectly started with     non-empty inheritable Linux process capabilities, creating an atypical Linux environment and enabling     programs with inheritable file capabilities to elevate those capabilities to the permitted set during     `execve(2)`. Normally, when executable programs have specified permitted file capabilities, otherwise     unprivileged users and processes can execute those programs and gain the specified file capabilities up to     the bounding set. Due to this bug, containers which included executable programs with inheritable file     capabilities allowed otherwise unprivileged users and processes to additionally gain these inheritable     file capabilities up to the container's bounding set. Containers which use Linux users and groups to     perform privilege separation inside the container are most directly impacted. This bug did not affect the     container security sandbox as the inheritable set never contained more capabilities than were included in     the container's bounding set. This bug has been fixed in Moby (Docker Engine) 20.10.14. Running containers     should be stopped, deleted, and recreated for the inheritable capabilities to be reset. This fix changes     Moby (Docker Engine) behavior such that containers are started with a more typical Linux environment. As a     workaround, the entry point of a container can be modified to use a utility like `capsh(1)` to drop     inheritable capabilities prior to the primary process starting. (CVE-2022-24769)

Note that Tenable Network Security has extracted the preceding description block directly from the EulerOS security advisory. Tenable has attempted to automatically clean and format it as much as possible without introducing additional issues.

The remote Debian 11 host has packages installed that are affected by multiple vulnerabilities as referenced in the dsa-5162 advisory.

  - Moby is an open-source project created by Docker to enable and accelerate software containerization. A bug     was found in Moby (Docker Engine) prior to version 20.10.14 where containers were incorrectly started with     non-empty inheritable Linux process capabilities, creating an atypical Linux environment and enabling     programs with inheritable file capabilities to elevate those capabilities to the permitted set during     `execve(2)`. Normally, when executable programs have specified permitted file capabilities, otherwise     unprivileged users and processes can execute those programs and gain the specified file capabilities up to     the bounding set. Due to this bug, containers which included executable programs with inheritable file     capabilities allowed otherwise unprivileged users and processes to additionally gain these inheritable     file capabilities up to the container's bounding set. Containers which use Linux users and groups to     perform privilege separation inside the container are most directly impacted. This bug did not affect the     container security sandbox as the inheritable set never contained more capabilities than were included in     the container's bounding set. This bug has been fixed in Moby (Docker Engine) 20.10.14. Running containers     should be stopped, deleted, and recreated for the inheritable capabilities to be reset. This fix changes     Moby (Docker Engine) behavior such that containers are started with a more typical Linux environment. As a     workaround, the entry point of a container can be modified to use a utility like `capsh(1)` to drop     inheritable capabilities prior to the primary process starting. (CVE-2022-24769)

  - containerd is an open source container runtime. A bug was found in the containerd's CRI implementation     where programs inside a container can cause the containerd daemon to consume memory without bound during     invocation of the `ExecSync` API. This can cause containerd to consume all available memory on the     computer, denying service to other legitimate workloads. Kubernetes and crictl can both be configured to     use containerd's CRI implementation; `ExecSync` may be used when running probes or when executing     processes via an exec facility. This bug has been fixed in containerd 1.6.6 and 1.5.13. Users should     update to these versions to resolve the issue. Users unable to upgrade should ensure that only trusted     images and commands are used. (CVE-2022-31030)

Note that Nessus has not tested for these issues but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version number.

The version of containerd installed on the remote host is prior to 1.4.13-2. The version of docker installed on the remote host is prior to 20.10.13-2. It is, therefore, affected by a vulnerability as referenced in the ALAS2NITRO- ENCLAVES-2022-019 advisory.

  - Moby is an open-source project created by Docker to enable and accelerate software containerization. A bug     was found in Moby (Docker Engine) prior to version 20.10.14 where containers were incorrectly started with     non-empty inheritable Linux process capabilities, creating an atypical Linux environment and enabling     programs with inheritable file capabilities to elevate those capabilities to the permitted set during     `execve(2)`. Normally, when executable programs have specified permitted file capabilities, otherwise     unprivileged users and processes can execute those programs and gain the specified file capabilities up to     the bounding set. Due to this bug, containers which included executable programs with inheritable file     capabilities allowed otherwise unprivileged users and processes to additionally gain these inheritable     file capabilities up to the container's bounding set. Containers which use Linux users and groups to     perform privilege separation inside the container are most directly impacted. This bug did not affect the     container security sandbox as the inheritable set never contained more capabilities than were included in     the container's bounding set. This bug has been fixed in Moby (Docker Engine) 20.10.14. Running containers     should be stopped, deleted, and recreated for the inheritable capabilities to be reset. This fix changes     Moby (Docker Engine) behavior such that containers are started with a more typical Linux environment. As a     workaround, the entry point of a container can be modified to use a utility like `capsh(1)` to drop     inheritable capabilities prior to the primary process starting. (CVE-2022-24769)

Note that Nessus has not tested for this issue but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version number.

The remote SUSE Linux SLES15 / SLES_SAP15 host has packages installed that are affected by multiple vulnerabilities as referenced in the SUSE-SU-2022:1689-1 advisory.

  - The x/crypto/ssh package before 0.0.0-20211202192323-5770296d904e of golang.org/x/crypto allows an     attacker to panic an SSH server. (CVE-2021-43565)

  - containerd is a container runtime available as a daemon for Linux and Windows. A bug was found in     containerd prior to versions 1.6.1, 1.5.10, and 1.14.12 where containers launched through containerd's CRI     implementation on Linux with a specially-crafted image configuration could gain access to read-only copies     of arbitrary files and directories on the host. This may bypass any policy-based enforcement on container     setup (including a Kubernetes Pod Security Policy) and expose potentially sensitive information.
    Kubernetes and crictl can both be configured to use containerd's CRI implementation. This bug has been     fixed in containerd 1.6.1, 1.5.10, and 1.4.12. Users should update to these versions to resolve the issue.
    (CVE-2022-23648)

  - Moby is an open-source project created by Docker to enable and accelerate software containerization. A bug     was found in Moby (Docker Engine) prior to version 20.10.14 where containers were incorrectly started with     non-empty inheritable Linux process capabilities, creating an atypical Linux environment and enabling     programs with inheritable file capabilities to elevate those capabilities to the permitted set during     `execve(2)`. Normally, when executable programs have specified permitted file capabilities, otherwise     unprivileged users and processes can execute those programs and gain the specified file capabilities up to     the bounding set. Due to this bug, containers which included executable programs with inheritable file     capabilities allowed otherwise unprivileged users and processes to additionally gain these inheritable     file capabilities up to the container's bounding set. Containers which use Linux users and groups to     perform privilege separation inside the container are most directly impacted. This bug did not affect the     container security sandbox as the inheritable set never contained more capabilities than were included in     the container's bounding set. This bug has been fixed in Moby (Docker Engine) 20.10.14. Running containers     should be stopped, deleted, and recreated for the inheritable capabilities to be reset. This fix changes     Moby (Docker Engine) behavior such that containers are started with a more typical Linux environment. As a     workaround, the entry point of a container can be modified to use a utility like `capsh(1)` to drop     inheritable capabilities prior to the primary process starting. (CVE-2022-24769)

  - The golang.org/x/crypto/ssh package before 0.0.0-20220314234659-1baeb1ce4c0b for Go allows an attacker to     crash a server in certain circumstances involving AddHostKey. (CVE-2022-27191)

Note that Nessus has not tested for these issues but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version number.

The remote SUSE Linux SLES12 / SLES_SAP12 host has packages installed that are affected by multiple vulnerabilities as referenced in the SUSE-SU-2022:1507-1 advisory.

  - The OCI Distribution Spec project defines an API protocol to facilitate and standardize the distribution     of content. In the OCI Distribution Specification version 1.0.0 and prior, the Content-Type header alone     was used to determine the type of document during push and pull operations. Documents that contain both     manifests and layers fields could be interpreted as either a manifest or an index in the absence of an     accompanying Content-Type header. If a Content-Type header changed between two pulls of the same digest, a     client may interpret the resulting content differently. The OCI Distribution Specification has been     updated to require that a mediaType value present in a manifest or index match the Content-Type header     used during the push and pull operations. Clients pulling from a registry may distrust the Content-Type     header and reject an ambiguous document that contains both manifests and layers fields or manifests     and config fields if they are unable to update to version 1.0.1 of the spec. (CVE-2021-41190)

  - The x/crypto/ssh package before 0.0.0-20211202192323-5770296d904e of golang.org/x/crypto allows an     attacker to panic an SSH server. (CVE-2021-43565)

  - containerd is a container runtime available as a daemon for Linux and Windows. A bug was found in     containerd prior to versions 1.6.1, 1.5.10, and 1.14.12 where containers launched through containerd's CRI     implementation on Linux with a specially-crafted image configuration could gain access to read-only copies     of arbitrary files and directories on the host. This may bypass any policy-based enforcement on container     setup (including a Kubernetes Pod Security Policy) and expose potentially sensitive information.
    Kubernetes and crictl can both be configured to use containerd's CRI implementation. This bug has been     fixed in containerd 1.6.1, 1.5.10, and 1.4.12. Users should update to these versions to resolve the issue.
    (CVE-2022-23648)

  - Moby is an open-source project created by Docker to enable and accelerate software containerization. A bug     was found in Moby (Docker Engine) prior to version 20.10.14 where containers were incorrectly started with     non-empty inheritable Linux process capabilities, creating an atypical Linux environment and enabling     programs with inheritable file capabilities to elevate those capabilities to the permitted set during     `execve(2)`. Normally, when executable programs have specified permitted file capabilities, otherwise     unprivileged users and processes can execute those programs and gain the specified file capabilities up to     the bounding set. Due to this bug, containers which included executable programs with inheritable file     capabilities allowed otherwise unprivileged users and processes to additionally gain these inheritable     file capabilities up to the container's bounding set. Containers which use Linux users and groups to     perform privilege separation inside the container are most directly impacted. This bug did not affect the     container security sandbox as the inheritable set never contained more capabilities than were included in     the container's bounding set. This bug has been fixed in Moby (Docker Engine) 20.10.14. Running containers     should be stopped, deleted, and recreated for the inheritable capabilities to be reset. This fix changes     Moby (Docker Engine) behavior such that containers are started with a more typical Linux environment. As a     workaround, the entry point of a container can be modified to use a utility like `capsh(1)` to drop     inheritable capabilities prior to the primary process starting. (CVE-2022-24769)

  - The golang.org/x/crypto/ssh package before 0.0.0-20220314234659-1baeb1ce4c0b for Go allows an attacker to     crash a server in certain circumstances involving AddHostKey. (CVE-2022-27191)

Note that Nessus has not tested for these issues but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version number.

The version of containerd installed on the remote host is prior to 1.4.13-2. The version of docker installed on the remote host is prior to 20.10.13-2. It is, therefore, affected by a vulnerability as referenced in the ALAS2DOCKER-2022-018 advisory.

  - Moby is an open-source project created by Docker to enable and accelerate software containerization. A bug     was found in Moby (Docker Engine) prior to version 20.10.14 where containers were incorrectly started with     non-empty inheritable Linux process capabilities, creating an atypical Linux environment and enabling     programs with inheritable file capabilities to elevate those capabilities to the permitted set during     `execve(2)`. Normally, when executable programs have specified permitted file capabilities, otherwise     unprivileged users and processes can execute those programs and gain the specified file capabilities up to     the bounding set. Due to this bug, containers which included executable programs with inheritable file     capabilities allowed otherwise unprivileged users and processes to additionally gain these inheritable     file capabilities up to the container's bounding set. Containers which use Linux users and groups to     perform privilege separation inside the container are most directly impacted. This bug did not affect the     container security sandbox as the inheritable set never contained more capabilities than were included in     the container's bounding set. This bug has been fixed in Moby (Docker Engine) 20.10.14. Running containers     should be stopped, deleted, and recreated for the inheritable capabilities to be reset. This fix changes     Moby (Docker Engine) behavior such that containers are started with a more typical Linux environment. As a     workaround, the entry point of a container can be modified to use a utility like `capsh(1)` to drop     inheritable capabilities prior to the primary process starting. (CVE-2022-24769)

Note that Nessus has not tested for this issue but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version number.

The version of containerd installed on the remote host is prior to 1.4.13-2.1. The version of docker installed on the remote host is prior to 20.10.13-2.1. It is, therefore, affected by a vulnerability as referenced in the ALAS-2022-1582 advisory.

  - Moby is an open-source project created by Docker to enable and accelerate software containerization. A bug     was found in Moby (Docker Engine) prior to version 20.10.14 where containers were incorrectly started with     non-empty inheritable Linux process capabilities, creating an atypical Linux environment and enabling     programs with inheritable file capabilities to elevate those capabilities to the permitted set during     `execve(2)`. Normally, when executable programs have specified permitted file capabilities, otherwise     unprivileged users and processes can execute those programs and gain the specified file capabilities up to     the bounding set. Due to this bug, containers which included executable programs with inheritable file     capabilities allowed otherwise unprivileged users and processes to additionally gain these inheritable     file capabilities up to the container's bounding set. Containers which use Linux users and groups to     perform privilege separation inside the container are most directly impacted. This bug did not affect the     container security sandbox as the inheritable set never contained more capabilities than were included in     the container's bounding set. This bug has been fixed in Moby (Docker Engine) 20.10.14. Running containers     should be stopped, deleted, and recreated for the inheritable capabilities to be reset. This fix changes     Moby (Docker Engine) behavior such that containers are started with a more typical Linux environment. As a     workaround, the entry point of a container can be modified to use a utility like `capsh(1)` to drop     inheritable capabilities prior to the primary process starting. (CVE-2022-24769)

Note that Nessus has not tested for this issue but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version number.

The version of containerd installed on the remote host is prior to 1.4.13-2. It is, therefore, affected by a vulnerability as referenced in the ALAS2-2022-1775 advisory.

  - Moby is an open-source project created by Docker to enable and accelerate software containerization. A bug     was found in Moby (Docker Engine) prior to version 20.10.14 where containers were incorrectly started with     non-empty inheritable Linux process capabilities, creating an atypical Linux environment and enabling     programs with inheritable file capabilities to elevate those capabilities to the permitted set during     `execve(2)`. Normally, when executable programs have specified permitted file capabilities, otherwise     unprivileged users and processes can execute those programs and gain the specified file capabilities up to     the bounding set. Due to this bug, containers which included executable programs with inheritable file     capabilities allowed otherwise unprivileged users and processes to additionally gain these inheritable     file capabilities up to the container's bounding set. Containers which use Linux users and groups to     perform privilege separation inside the container are most directly impacted. This bug did not affect the     container security sandbox as the inheritable set never contained more capabilities than were included in     the container's bounding set. This bug has been fixed in Moby (Docker Engine) 20.10.14. Running containers     should be stopped, deleted, and recreated for the inheritable capabilities to be reset. This fix changes     Moby (Docker Engine) behavior such that containers are started with a more typical Linux environment. As a     workaround, the entry point of a container can be modified to use a utility like `capsh(1)` to drop     inheritable capabilities prior to the primary process starting. (CVE-2022-24769)

Note that Nessus has not tested for this issue but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version number.

ID	Name	Product	Family	Severity
203425	Photon OS 4.0: Runc PHSA-2022-4.0-0266	Nessus	PhotonOS Local Security Checks	high
189846	GLSA-202401-31 : containerd: Multiple Vulnerabilities	Nessus	Gentoo Local Security Checks	high
185921	Amazon Linux 2 : containerd (ALASECS-2023-023)	Nessus	Amazon Linux Local Security Checks	medium
178301	Amazon Linux 2 : ecs-init, docker, containerd, runc (ALASECS-2022-001)	Nessus	Amazon Linux Local Security Checks	high
173574	CBL Mariner 2.0 Security Update: moby-runc (CVE-2022-24769)	Nessus	MarinerOS Local Security Checks	medium
173188	Amazon Linux 2023 : containerd, containerd-stress (ALAS2023-2023-079)	Nessus	Amazon Linux Local Security Checks	high
170600	Amazon Linux 2022 : (ALAS2022-2022-210)	Nessus	Amazon Linux Local Security Checks	high
168653	Ubuntu 18.04 LTS / 20.04 LTS / 22.04 LTS : containerd vulnerabilities (USN-5776-1)	Nessus	Ubuntu Local Security Checks	high
168562	Amazon Linux 2022 : docker (ALAS2022-2022-237)	Nessus	Amazon Linux Local Security Checks	medium
164726	Amazon Linux 2022 : (ALAS2022-2022-054)	Nessus	Amazon Linux Local Security Checks	medium
163555	EulerOS 2.0 SP10 : docker-engine (EulerOS-SA-2022-2129)	Nessus	Huawei Local Security Checks	medium
163537	EulerOS 2.0 SP10 : docker-engine (EulerOS-SA-2022-2154)	Nessus	Huawei Local Security Checks	medium
162920	EulerOS 2.0 SP9 : docker-engine (EulerOS-SA-2022-1993)	Nessus	Huawei Local Security Checks	medium
162917	EulerOS 2.0 SP9 : docker-engine (EulerOS-SA-2022-1963)	Nessus	Huawei Local Security Checks	medium
162441	EulerOS 2.0 SP8 : docker-engine (EulerOS-SA-2022-1926)	Nessus	Huawei Local Security Checks	high
162362	EulerOS 2.0 SP5 : docker-engine (EulerOS-SA-2022-1886)	Nessus	Huawei Local Security Checks	high
162143	Debian DSA-5162-1 : containerd - security update	Nessus	Debian Local Security Checks	medium
162010	Amazon Linux 2 : containerd, docker (ALASNITRO-ENCLAVES-2022-019)	Nessus	Amazon Linux Local Security Checks	medium
161237	SUSE SLES15 Security Update : containerd, docker (SUSE-SU-2022:1689-1)	Nessus	SuSE Local Security Checks	high
160493	SUSE SLES12 Security Update : containerd, docker (SUSE-SU-2022:1507-1)	Nessus	SuSE Local Security Checks	high
160412	Amazon Linux 2 : docker, containerd (ALASDOCKER-2022-018)	Nessus	Amazon Linux Local Security Checks	medium
160334	Amazon Linux AMI : containerd, docker (ALAS-2022-1582)	Nessus	Amazon Linux Local Security Checks	medium
160267	Amazon Linux 2 : containerd (ALAS-2022-1775)	Nessus	Amazon Linux Local Security Checks	medium

Detections

Analytics

CVE-2022-24769

medium

Tenable Plugins

high

high

medium

high

medium

high

high

high

medium

medium

medium

medium

medium

medium

high

high

medium

medium

high

high

medium

medium

medium