A logic issue was addressed with improved checks. This issue is fixed in macOS Big Sur 11.6.8, macOS Monterey 12.5, Security Update 2022-005 Catalina. An archive may be able to bypass Gatekeeper.
https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213345
https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213344
https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213343
Source: Mitre, NVD
Published: 2022-11-01
Updated: 2022-11-03
Base Score: 7.8
Vector: CVSS2#AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:C/A:N
Severity: High
Base Score: 7.5
Vector: CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N