An issue was discovered in MediaWiki before 1.35.7, 1.36.x and 1.37.x before 1.37.3, and 1.38.x before 1.38.1. XSS can occur in configurations that allow a JavaScript payload in a username. After account creation, when it sets the page title to "Welcome" followed by the username, the username is not escaped: SpecialCreateAccount::successfulAction() calls ::showSuccessPage() with a message as second parameter, and OutputPage::setPageTitle() uses text().
https://www.debian.org/security/2022/dsa-5246
https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202305-24
https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T308471
https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/09/msg00027.html