This issue was addressed by removing the vulnerable code. This issue is fixed in macOS Big Sur 11.7.9, macOS Monterey 12.6.8, macOS Ventura 13.5. An app may be able to modify protected parts of the file system.
https://support.apple.com/kb/HT213845
https://support.apple.com/kb/HT213844
https://support.apple.com/kb/HT213843
https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213845