The issue was addressed with improved handling of protocols. This issue is fixed in tvOS 17, iOS 16.7 and iPadOS 16.7, watchOS 10, iOS 17 and iPadOS 17, macOS Sonoma 14. A remote attacker may be able to break out of Web Content sandbox.
https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213940
https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213938
https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213937
https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213936
https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213927
http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2023/Oct/8
http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2023/Oct/4