ThingsBoard before 3.5 allows Server-Side Template Injection if users are allowed to modify an email template, because Apache FreeMarker supports freemarker.template.utility.Execute (for content sent to the /api/admin/settings endpoint).
https://herolab.usd.de/security-advisories/usd-2023-0010/
https://freemarker.apache.org/docs/api/freemarker/template/utility/Execute.html