The issue was addressed with additional permissions checks. This issue is fixed in macOS Sonoma 14.3, iOS 17.3 and iPadOS 17.3. A shortcut may be able to use sensitive data with certain actions without prompting the user.
https://support.apple.com/kb/HT214085
https://support.apple.com/kb/HT214082
https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT214061
https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT214059
http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2024/Mar/22