In btrfs_get_root_ref in fs/btrfs/disk-io.c in the Linux kernel through 6.7.1, there can be an assertion failure and crash because a subvolume can be read out too soon after its root item is inserted upon subvolume creation.
https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/CALGdzuo6awWdau3X=8XK547x2vX_-VoFmH1aPsqosRTQ5WzJVA%40mail.gmail.com/
https://lore.kernel.org/all/6a80cb4b32af89787dadee728310e5e2ca85343f.1705741883.git.wqu%40suse.com/
https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2024/06/msg00017.html