Composer is a dependency manager for PHP. On the 2.x branch prior to versions 2.2.24 and 2.7.7, the `status`, `reinstall` and `remove` commands with packages installed from source via git containing specially crafted branch names in the repository can be used to execute code. Patches for this issue are available in version 2.2.24 for 2.2 LTS or 2.7.7 for mainline. As a workaround, avoid installing dependencies via git by using `--prefer-dist` or the `preferred-install: dist` config setting.
https://github.com/composer/composer/security/advisories/GHSA-47f6-5gq3-vx9c
https://github.com/composer/composer/commit/ee28354ca8d33c15949ad7de2ce6656ba3f68704
https://github.com/composer/composer/commit/b93fc6ca437da35ae73d667d0618749c763b67d4