Illustrator versions 28.5, 27.9.4, 28.6, 27.9.5 and earlier are affected by an Improper Input Validation vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.
https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/illustrator/apsb24-66.html