Qualys discovered that needrestart, before version 3.8, allows local attackers to execute arbitrary code as root by tricking needrestart into running the Python interpreter with an attacker-controlled PYTHONPATH environment variable.
https://thehackernews.com/2024/11/decades-old-security-vulnerabilities.html
https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-48990
https://github.com/liske/needrestart/commit/fcc9a4401392231bef4ef5ed026a0d7a275149ab