In LibRaw before 0.21.4, phase_one_correct in decoders/load_mfbacks.cpp allows out-of-buffer access because split_col and split_row values are not checked in 0x041f tag processing.
https://www.libraw.org/news/libraw-0-21-4-release
https://github.com/LibRaw/LibRaw/compare/0.21.3...0.21.4
https://github.com/LibRaw/LibRaw/commit/be26e7639ecf8beb55f124ce780e99842de2e964