The remote Debian 11 / 12 host has a package installed that is affected by multiple vulnerabilities as referenced in the dsa-5550 advisory.

  - Cacti is an open source operational monitoring and fault management framework. A defect in the sql_save     function was discovered. When the column type is numeric, the sql_save function directly utilizes user     input. Many files and functions calling the sql_save function do not perform prior validation of user     input, leading to the existence of multiple SQL injection vulnerabilities in Cacti. This allows     authenticated users to exploit these SQL injection vulnerabilities to perform privilege escalation and     remote code execution. This issue has been addressed in version 1.2.25. Users are advised to upgrade.
    There are no known workarounds for this vulnerability. (CVE-2023-39357)

  - Cacti is an open source operational monitoring and fault management framework. An authenticated SQL     injection vulnerability was discovered which allows authenticated users to perform privilege escalation     and remote code execution. The vulnerability resides in the `graphs.php` file. When dealing with the cases     of ajax_hosts and ajax_hosts_noany, if the `site_id` parameter is greater than 0, it is directly reflected     in the WHERE clause of the SQL statement. This creates an SQL injection vulnerability. This issue has been     addressed in version 1.2.25. Users are advised to upgrade. There are no known workarounds for this     vulnerability. (CVE-2023-39359)

  - Cacti is an open source operational monitoring and fault management framework. Affected versions are     subject to a SQL injection discovered in graph_view.php. Since guest users can access graph_view.php     without authentication by default, if guest users are being utilized in an enabled state, there could be     the potential for significant damage. Attackers may exploit this vulnerability, and there may be     possibilities for actions such as the usurpation of administrative privileges or remote code execution.
    This issue has been addressed in version 1.2.25. Users are advised to upgrade. There are no known     workarounds for this vulnerability. (CVE-2023-39361)

  - Cacti is an open source operational monitoring and fault management framework. In Cacti 1.2.24, under     certain conditions, an authenticated privileged user, can use a malicious string in the SNMP options of a     Device, performing command injection and obtaining remote code execution on the underlying server. The     `lib/snmp.php` file has a set of functions, with similar behavior, that accept in input some variables and     place them into an `exec` call without a proper escape or validation. This issue has been addressed in     version 1.2.25. Users are advised to upgrade. There are no known workarounds for this vulnerability.
    (CVE-2023-39362)

  - Cacti is an open source operational monitoring and fault management framework. In Cacti 1.2.24, users with     console access can be redirected to an arbitrary website after a change password performed via a     specifically crafted URL. The `auth_changepassword.php` file accepts `ref` as a URL parameter and reflects     it in the form used to perform the change password. It's value is used to perform a redirect via `header`     PHP function. A user can be tricked in performing the change password operation, e.g., via a phishing     message, and then interacting with the malicious website where the redirection has been performed, e.g.,     downloading malwares, providing credentials, etc. This issue has been addressed in version 1.2.25. Users     are advised to upgrade. There are no known workarounds for this vulnerability. (CVE-2023-39364)

  - Cacti is an open source operational monitoring and fault management framework. Issues with Cacti Regular     Expression validation combined with the external links feature can lead to limited SQL Injections and     subsequent data leakage. This issue has been addressed in version 1.2.25. Users are advised to upgrade.
    There are no known workarounds for this vulnerability. (CVE-2023-39365)

  - Cacti is an open source operational monitoring and fault management framework. Affected versions are     subject to a Stored Cross-Site-Scripting (XSS) Vulnerability allows an authenticated user to poison data     stored in the _cacti_'s database. These data will be viewed by administrative _cacti_ accounts and execute     JavaScript code in the victim's browser at view-time. The `data_sources.php` script displays the data     source management information (e.g. data source path, polling configuration etc.) for different data     visualizations of the _cacti_ app. CENSUS found that an adversary that is able to configure a malicious     Device name, can deploy a stored XSS attack against any user of the same (or broader) privileges. A user     that possesses the _General Administration>Sites/Devices/Data_ permissions can configure the device names     in _cacti_. This configuration occurs through `http://<HOST>/cacti/host.php`, while the rendered malicious     payload is exhibited at `http://<HOST>/cacti/data_sources.php`. This vulnerability has been addressed in     version 1.2.25. Users are advised to upgrade. Users unable to update should manually filter HTML output.
    (CVE-2023-39366)

  - Cacti is an open source operational monitoring and fault management framework. Affected versions are     subject to a Stored Cross-Site-Scripting (XSS) Vulnerability allows an authenticated user to poison data     stored in the _cacti_'s database. These data will be viewed by administrative _cacti_ accounts and execute     JavaScript code in the victim's browser at view-time. The`reports_admin.php` script displays reporting     information about graphs, devices, data sources etc. CENSUS found that an adversary that is able to     configure a malicious Device name, can deploy a stored XSS attack against any user of the same (or     broader) privileges. A user that possesses the _General Administration>Sites/Devices/Data_ permissions can     configure the device names in _cacti_. This configuration occurs through `http://<HOST>/cacti/host.php`,     while the rendered malicious payload is exhibited at `http://<HOST>/cacti/reports_admin.php` when the a     graph with the maliciously altered device name is linked to the report. This vulnerability has been     addressed in version 1.2.25. Users are advised to upgrade. Users unable to update should manually filter     HTML output. (CVE-2023-39510)

  - Cacti is an open source operational monitoring and fault management framework. Affected versions are     subject to a Stored Cross-Site-Scripting (XSS) Vulnerability which allows an authenticated user to poison     data stored in the _cacti_'s database. These data will be viewed by administrative _cacti_ accounts and     execute JavaScript code in the victim's browser at view-time. The script under `data_sources.php` displays     the data source management information (e.g. data source path, polling configuration, device name related     to the datasource etc.) for different data visualizations of the _cacti_ app. _CENSUS_ found that an     adversary that is able to configure a malicious device name, can deploy a stored XSS attack against any     user of the same (or broader) privileges. A user that possesses the _General     Administration>Sites/Devices/Data_ permissions can configure the device names in _cacti_. This     configuration occurs through `http://<HOST>/cacti/host.php`, while the rendered malicious payload is     exhibited at `http://<HOST>/cacti/data_sources.php`. This vulnerability has been addressed in version     1.2.25. Users are advised to upgrade. Users unable to update should manually filter HTML output.
    (CVE-2023-39512)

  - Cacti is an open source operational monitoring and fault management framework. Affected versions are     subject to a Stored Cross-Site-Scripting (XSS) Vulnerability which allows an authenticated user to poison     data stored in the _cacti_'s database. These data will be viewed by administrative _cacti_ accounts and     execute JavaScript code in the victim's browser at view-time. The script under `host.php` is used to     monitor and manage hosts in the _cacti_ app, hence displays useful information such as data queries and     verbose logs. _CENSUS_ found that an adversary that is able to configure a data-query template with     malicious code appended in the template path, in order to deploy a stored XSS attack against any user with     the _General Administration>Sites/Devices/Data_ privileges. A user that possesses the _Template     Editor>Data Queries_ permissions can configure the data query template path in _cacti_. Please note that     such a user may be a low privileged user. This configuration occurs through     `http://<HOST>/cacti/data_queries.php` by editing an existing or adding a new data query template. If a     template is linked to a device then the formatted template path will be rendered in the device's     management page, when a _verbose data query_ is requested. This vulnerability has been addressed in     version 1.2.25. Users are advised to upgrade. Users unable to update should manually filter HTML output.
    (CVE-2023-39513)

  - Cacti is an open source operational monitoring and fault management framework. Affected versions are     subject to a Stored Cross-Site-Scripting (XSS) Vulnerability which allows an authenticated user to poison     data stored in the _cacti_'s database. These data will be viewed by administrative _cacti_ accounts and     execute JavaScript code in the victim's browser at view-time. The script under `graphs.php` displays graph     details such as data-source paths, data template information and graph related fields. _CENSUS_ found that     an adversary that is able to configure either a data-source template with malicious code appended in the     data-source name or a device with a malicious payload injected in the device name, may deploy a stored XSS     attack against any user with _General Administration>Graphs_ privileges. A user that possesses the
    _Template Editor>Data Templates_ permissions can configure the data-source name in _cacti_. Please note     that this may be a _low privileged_ user. This configuration occurs through     `http://<HOST>/cacti/data_templates.php` by editing an existing or adding a new data template. If a     template is linked to a graph then the formatted template name will be rendered in the graph's management     page. A user that possesses the _General Administration>Sites/Devices/Data_ permissions can configure the     device name in _cacti_. This vulnerability has been addressed in version 1.2.25. Users are advised to     upgrade. Users unable to upgrade should add manual HTML escaping. (CVE-2023-39514)

  - Cacti is an open source operational monitoring and fault management framework. Affected versions are     subject to a Stored Cross-Site-Scripting (XSS) Vulnerability allows an authenticated user to poison data     stored in the cacti's database. These data will be viewed by administrative cacti accounts and execute     JavaScript code in the victim's browser at view-time. The script under `data_debug.php` displays data     source related debugging information such as _data source paths, polling settings, meta-data on the data     source_. _CENSUS_ found that an adversary that is able to configure a malicious data-source path, can     deploy a stored XSS attack against any user that has privileges related to viewing the `data_debug.php`     information. A user that possesses the _General Administration>Sites/Devices/Data_ permissions can     configure the data source path in _cacti_. This configuration occurs through     `http://<HOST>/cacti/data_sources.php`. This vulnerability has been addressed in version 1.2.25. Users are     advised to upgrade. Users unable to update should manually filter HTML output. (CVE-2023-39515)

  - Cacti is an open source operational monitoring and fault management framework. Affected versions are     subject to a Stored Cross-Site-Scripting (XSS) Vulnerability which allows an authenticated user to poison     data stored in the _cacti_'s database. These data will be viewed by administrative _cacti_ accounts and     execute JavaScript code in the victim's browser at view-time. The script under `data_sources.php` displays     the data source management information (e.g. data source path, polling configuration etc.) for different     data visualizations of the _cacti_ app. CENSUS found that an adversary that is able to configure a     malicious data-source path, can deploy a stored XSS attack against any user of the same (or broader)     privileges. A user that possesses the 'General Administration>Sites/Devices/Data' permissions can     configure the data source path in Cacti. This configuration occurs through     `http://<HOST>/cacti/data_sources.php`. The same page can be used for previewing the data source path.
    This issue has been addressed in version 1.2.25. Users are advised to upgrade. Users unable to upgrade     should manually escape HTML output. (CVE-2023-39516)

Note that Nessus has not tested for these issues but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version number.

Detections

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Debian DSA-5550-1 : cacti - security update

critical Nessus Plugin ID 185415

Version 1.0