The epoll implementation in the Linux kernel 2.6.37.2 and earlier does not properly traverse a tree of epoll file descriptors, which allows local users to cause a denial of service (CPU consumption) via a crafted application that makes epoll_create and epoll_ctl system calls.

Buffer overflow in the xfs_readlink function in fs/xfs/xfs_vnodeops.c in XFS in the Linux kernel 2.6, when CONFIG_XFS_DEBUG is disabled, allows local users to cause a denial of service (memory corruption and crash) and possibly execute arbitrary code via an XFS image containing a symbolic link with a long pathname.

crypto/ghash-generic.c in the Linux kernel before 3.1 allows local users to cause a denial of service (NULL pointer dereference and OOPS) or possibly have unspecified other impact by triggering a failed or missing ghash_setkey function call, followed by a (1) ghash_update function call or (2) ghash_final function call, as demonstrated by a write operation on an AF_ALG socket.

It was found that the Malaysia-based Digicert Sdn. Bhd. subordinate Certificate Authority (CA) issued HTTPS certificates with weak keys.
This update renders any HTTPS certificates signed by that CA as untrusted. This covers all uses of the certificates, including SSL, S/MIME, and code signing. Note: Digicert Sdn. Bhd. is not the same company as found at digicert.com.

Multiple input validation flaws were found in the way FreeType processed CID-keyed fonts. If a specially crafted font file was loaded by an application linked against FreeType, it could cause the application to crash or, potentially, execute arbitrary code with the privileges of the user running the application.

A heap-based buffer overflow flaw was found in the way Perl decoded Unicode strings. An attacker could create a malicious Unicode string that, when decoded by a Perl program, would cause the program to crash or, potentially, execute arbitrary code with the permissions of the user running the program. (CVE-2011-2939)

It was found that the 'new' constructor of the Digest module used its argument as part of the string expression passed to the eval() function. An attacker could possibly use this flaw to execute arbitrary Perl code with the privileges of a Perl program that uses untrusted input as an argument to the constructor. (CVE-2011-3597)

A use-after-free flaw was found in the way Openswan's pluto IKE daemon used cryptographic helpers. A remote, authenticated attacker could send a specially crafted IKE packet that would crash the pluto daemon.
This issue only affected SMP (symmetric multiprocessing) systems that have the cryptographic helpers enabled.

The Net::HTTPS module in libwww-perl (LWP) before 6.00, as used in WWW::Mechanize, LWP::UserAgent, and other products, when running in environments that do not set the If-SSL-Cert-Subject header, does not enable full validation of SSL certificates by default, which allows remote attackers to spoof servers via man-in-the-middle (MITM) attacks involving hostnames that are not properly validated. NOTE: it could be argued that this is a design limitation of the Net::HTTPS API, and separate implementations should be independently assigned CVE identifiers for not working around this limitation. However, because this API was modified within LWP, a single CVE identifier has been assigned.

The skb_gro_header_slow function in include/linux/netdevice.h in the Linux kernel before 2.6.39.4, when Generic Receive Offload (GRO) is enabled, resets certain fields in incorrect situations, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (system crash) via crafted network traffic.

Race condition in the ecryptfs_mount function in fs/ecryptfs/main.c in the eCryptfs subsystem in the Linux kernel before 3.1 allows local users to bypass intended file permissions via a mount.ecryptfs_private mount with a mismatched uid.

The (1) IPv4 and (2) IPv6 implementations in the Linux kernel before 3.1 use a modified MD4 algorithm to generate sequence numbers and Fragment Identification values, which makes it easier for remote attackers to cause a denial of service (disrupted networking) or hijack network sessions by predicting these values and sending crafted packets.

Integer signedness error in the CIFSFindNext function in fs/cifs/cifssmb.c in the Linux kernel before 3.1 allows remote CIFS servers to cause a denial of service (memory corruption) or possibly have unspecified other impact via a large length value in a response to a read request for a directory.

The Performance Events subsystem in the Linux kernel before 3.1 does not properly handle event overflows associated with PERF_COUNT_SW_CPU_CLOCK events, which allows local users to cause a denial of service (system hang) via a crafted application.

Multiple NULL pointer dereference and assertion failure flaws were found in the MIT Kerberos KDC when it was configured to use an LDAP (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol) or Berkeley Database (Berkeley DB) back end. A remote attacker could use these flaws to crash the KDC. (CVE-2011-1527 , CVE-2011-1528 , CVE-2011-1529)

Multiple flaws were found in the way the RPM library parsed package headers. An attacker could create a specially crafted RPM package that, when queried or installed, would cause rpm to crash or, potentially, execute arbitrary code. (CVE-2011-3378)

Multiple input sanitization flaws were found in the X.Org GLX (OpenGL extension to the X Window System) extension. A malicious, authorized client could use these flaws to crash the X.Org server or, potentially, execute arbitrary code with root privileges.
(CVE-2010-4818)

An input sanitization flaw was found in the X.Org Render extension. A malicious, authorized client could use this flaw to leak arbitrary memory from the X.Org server process, or possibly crash the X.Org server. (CVE-2010-4819)

A signedness issue was found in the way the crypt() function in the PostgreSQL pgcrypto module handled 8-bit characters in passwords when using Blowfish hashing. Up to three characters immediately preceding a non-ASCII character (one with the high bit set) had no effect on the hash result, thus shortening the effective password length. This made brute-force guessing more efficient as several different passwords were hashed to the same value. (CVE-2011-2483)

Note: Due to the CVE-2011-2483 fix, after installing this update some users may not be able to log in to applications that store user passwords, hashed with Blowfish using the PostgreSQL crypt() function, in a back-end PostgreSQL database. Unsafe processing can be re-enabled for specific passwords (allowing affected users to log in) by changing their hash prefix to '$2x$'.

Puppet 2.7.x before 2.7.5, 2.6.x before 2.6.11, and 0.25.x, when running in --edit mode, uses a predictable file name, which allows local users to run arbitrary Puppet code or trick a user into editing arbitrary files.

Puppet 2.7.x before 2.7.5, 2.6.x before 2.6.11, and 0.25.x allows local users to modify the permissions of arbitrary files via a symlink attack on the SSH authorized_keys file.

Puppet 2.7.x before 2.7.5, 2.6.x before 2.6.11, and 0.25.x allows local users to overwrite arbitrary files via a symlink attack on the .k5login file.

A flaw was found in the Java RMI (Remote Method Invocation) registry implementation. A remote RMI client could use this flaw to execute arbitrary code on the RMI server running the registry. (CVE-2011-3556)

A flaw was found in the Java RMI registry implementation. A remote RMI client could use this flaw to execute code on the RMI server with unrestricted privileges. (CVE-2011-3557)

A flaw was found in the IIOP (Internet Inter-Orb Protocol) deserialization code. An untrusted Java application or applet running in a sandbox could use this flaw to bypass sandbox restrictions by deserializing specially crafted input. (CVE-2011-3521)

It was found that the Java ScriptingEngine did not properly restrict the privileges of sandboxed applications. An untrusted Java application or applet running in a sandbox could use this flaw to bypass sandbox restrictions. (CVE-2011-3544)

A flaw was found in the AWTKeyStroke implementation. An untrusted Java application or applet running in a sandbox could use this flaw to bypass sandbox restrictions. (CVE-2011-3548)

An integer overflow flaw, leading to a heap-based buffer overflow, was found in the Java2D code used to perform transformations of graphic shapes and images. An untrusted Java application or applet running in a sandbox could use this flaw to bypass sandbox restrictions.
(CVE-2011-3551)

An insufficient error checking flaw was found in the unpacker for JAR files in pack200 format. A specially crafted JAR file could use this flaw to crash the Java Virtual Machine (JVM) or, possibly, execute arbitrary code with JVM privileges. (CVE-2011-3554)

It was found that HttpsURLConnection did not perform SecurityManager checks in the setSSLSocketFactory method. An untrusted Java application or applet running in a sandbox could use this flaw to bypass connection restrictions defined in the policy. (CVE-2011-3560)

A flaw was found in the way the SSL 3 and TLS 1.0 protocols used block ciphers in cipher-block chaining (CBC) mode. An attacker able to perform a chosen plain text attack against a connection mixing trusted and untrusted data could use this flaw to recover portions of the trusted data sent over the connection. (CVE-2011-3389)

Note: This update mitigates the CVE-2011-3389 issue by splitting the first application data record byte to a separate SSL/TLS protocol record. This mitigation may cause compatibility issues with some SSL/TLS implementations and can be disabled using the jsse.enableCBCProtection boolean property. This can be done on the command line by appending the flag '-Djsse.enableCBCProtection=false' to the java command.

An information leak flaw was found in the InputStream.skip implementation. An untrusted Java application or applet could possibly use this flaw to obtain bytes skipped by other threads.
(CVE-2011-3547)

A flaw was found in the Java HotSpot virtual machine. An untrusted Java application or applet could use this flaw to disclose portions of the VM memory, or cause it to crash. (CVE-2011-3558)

The Java API for XML Web Services (JAX-WS) implementation in OpenJDK was configured to include the stack trace in error messages sent to clients. A remote client could possibly use this flaw to obtain sensitive information. (CVE-2011-3553)

It was found that Java applications running with SecurityManager restrictions were allowed to use too many UDP sockets by default. If multiple instances of a malicious application were started at the same time, they could exhaust all available UDP sockets on the system.
(CVE-2011-3552)

The MITRE CVE database describes these CVEs as :

The mod_proxy module in the Apache HTTP Server 1.3.x through 1.3.42, 2.0.x through 2.0.64, and 2.2.x through 2.2.21 does not properly interact with use of (1) RewriteRule and (2) ProxyPassMatch pattern matches for configuration of a reverse proxy, which allows remote attackers to send requests to intranet servers via a malformed URI containing an initial @ (at sign) character. 

The mod_proxy_ajp module in the Apache HTTP Server before 2.2.21, when used with mod_proxy_balancer in certain configurations, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (temporary 'error state' in the backend server) via a malformed HTTP request.

It was discovered that the Apache HTTP Server did not properly validate the request URI for proxied requests. In certain configurations, if a reverse proxy used the ProxyPassMatch directive, or if it used the RewriteRule directive with the proxy flag, a remote attacker could make the proxy connect to an arbitrary server, possibly disclosing sensitive information from internal web servers not directly accessible to the attacker.

It was discovered that mod_proxy_ajp incorrectly returned an 'Internal Server Error' response when processing certain malformed HTTP requests, which caused the back-end server to be marked as failed in configurations where mod_proxy was used in load balancer mode. A remote attacker could cause mod_proxy to not send requests to back-end AJP (Apache JServ Protocol) servers for the retry timeout period or until all back-end servers were marked as failed.

The MITRE CVE database describes CVE-2011-3256 as :

FreeType 2 before 2.4.7, as used in CoreGraphics in Apple iOS before 5, Mandriva Enterprise Server 5, and possibly other products, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted font, a different vulnerability than CVE-2011-0226.

The MITRE CVE database describes these CVEs as :

Revert is_a() behavior to php <= 5.3.6 and add a new new option (allow_string) for the new behavior (accept string and raise autoload if needed)

Use-after-free vulnerability in the substr_replace function in PHP 5.3.6 and earlier allows context-dependent attackers to cause a denial of service (memory corruption) or possibly have unspecified other impact by using the same variable for multiple arguments.

Stack-based buffer overflow in the socket_connect function in ext/sockets/sockets.c in PHP 5.3.3 through 5.3.6 might allow context-dependent attackers to execute arbitrary code via a long pathname for a UNIX socket.

The rfc1867_post_handler function in main/rfc1867.c in PHP before 5.3.7 does not properly restrict filenames in multipart/form-data POST requests, which allows remote attackers to conduct absolute path traversal attacks, and possibly create or overwrite arbitrary files, via a crafted upload request, related to a 'file path injection vulnerability.'

crypt_blowfish before 1.1, as used in PHP before 5.3.7 on certain platforms, does not properly handle 8-bit characters, which makes it easier for context-dependent attackers to determine a cleartext password by leveraging knowledge of a password hash.

PHP before 5.3.7 does not properly check the return values of the malloc, calloc, and realloc library functions, which allows context-dependent attackers to cause a denial of service (NULL pointer dereference and application crash) or trigger a buffer overflow by leveraging the ability to provide an arbitrary value for a function argument, related to (1) ext/curl/interface.c, (2) ext/date/lib/parse_date.c, (3) ext/date/lib/parse_iso_intervals.c, (4) ext/date/lib/parse_tz.c, (5) ext/date/lib/timelib.c, (6) ext/pdo_odbc/pdo_odbc.c, (7) ext/reflection/php_reflection.c, (8) ext/soap/php_sdl.c, (9) ext/xmlrpc/libxmlrpc/base64.c, (10) TSRM/tsrm_win32.c, and (11) the strtotime function.

When an ISAKMP message with an invalid KEY_LENGTH attribute is received, the error handling function crashes on a NULL pointer dereference. Openswan automatically restarts the pluto IKE daemon but all ISAKMP state is lost. This vulnerability does NOT allow an attacker access to the system. This can be used to launch a denial of service attack by sending repeated IKE packets with the invalid key length attribute.

The MITRE CVE database describes CVE-2011-2766 as :

The FCGI (aka Fast CGI) module 0.70 through 0.73 for Perl, as used by CGI::Fast, uses environment variable values from one request during processing of a later request, which allows remote attackers to bypass authentication via crafted HTTP headers.

The MITRE CVE database describes CVE-2011-3207 as :

crypto/x509/x509_vfy.c in OpenSSL 1.0.x before 1.0.0e does not initialize certain structure members, which makes it easier for remote attackers to bypass CRL validation by using a nextUpdate value corresponding to a time in the past.

This update includes the latest updates to the root Certificate Authority list from Mozilla. It was found that a Certificate Authority (CA) issued fraudulent HTTPS certificates. This update removes that CA's root certificate from the ca-certificates package, rendering any HTTPS certificates signed by that CA as untrusted.

The MITRE CVE database describes CVE-2011-3208 as :

A buffer overflow flaw was found in the cyrus-imapd NNTP server, nntpd. A remote user able to use the nntpd service could use this flaw to crash the nntpd child process or, possibly, execute arbitrary code with the privileges of the cyrus user.

The MITRE CVE database describes CVE-2011-3192 as :

The byterange filter in the Apache HTTP Server 1.3.x, 2.0.x through 2.0.64, and 2.2.x through 2.2.19 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (memory and CPU consumption) via a Range header that expresses multiple overlapping ranges, as exploited in the wild in August 2011, a different vulnerability than CVE-2007-0086.

ID	Name	Severity
69581	Amazon Linux AMI : kernel (ALAS-2011-22)	medium
69580	Amazon Linux AMI : nss (ALAS-2011-21)	high
69579	Amazon Linux AMI : freetype (ALAS-2011-20)	high
69578	Amazon Linux AMI : perl (ALAS-2011-19)	high
69577	Amazon Linux AMI : openswan (ALAS-2011-18)	medium
69576	Amazon Linux AMI : perl-libwww-perl (ALAS-2011-17)	medium
69575	Amazon Linux AMI : kernel (ALAS-2011-16)	critical
69574	Amazon Linux AMI : krb5 (ALAS-2011-15)	high
69573	Amazon Linux AMI : rpm (ALAS-2011-14)	high
69572	Amazon Linux AMI : xorg-x11-server (ALAS-2011-13)	high
69571	Amazon Linux AMI : postgresql (ALAS-2011-12)	medium
69570	Amazon Linux AMI : puppet (ALAS-2011-11)	medium
69569	Amazon Linux AMI : java-1.6.0-openjdk (ALAS-2011-10) (BEAST)	critical
69568	Amazon Linux AMI : httpd (ALAS-2011-09)	medium
69567	Amazon Linux AMI : freetype (ALAS-2011-08)	medium
69566	Amazon Linux AMI : php (ALAS-2011-07)	high
69565	Amazon Linux AMI : openswan (ALAS-2011-06)	medium
69564	Amazon Linux AMI : perl-FCGI (ALAS-2011-05)	high
69563	Amazon Linux AMI : openssl (ALAS-2011-04)	medium
69562	Amazon Linux AMI : ca-certificates (ALAS-2011-03)	high
69561	Amazon Linux AMI : cyrus-impad (ALAS-2011-02)	high
69560	Amazon Linux AMI : httpd (ALAS-2011-01)	high

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